Walking among the Pompeii ruins is almost impossible without feeling a sense of sadness. This is a city that has been preserved in its past and held in place by the hardened ash layer that was swept on top of it after the volcanic eruption of Mount Vesuvius. It is hard to ignore the somberness of this place, but a new discovery has made it more poignant. Archaeologists discovered a room within the ruin that tells a touching and dark story.
Civita Giuliana – The Most Critical Finding
The archaeologists were excavating Civita Giuliana. This was a residential area located less than half a kilometer from the borders of Pompeii. The discovery of some amazing finds was made by the archaeologists’ predecessors, who began their work here more than 100 years ago.
Perhaps the most critical finding was the large villa located in the area that provided incredible insight into the Roman era.
15 Rooms Villa
Archaeologists began excavating this villa in 1907 and discovered 15 rooms within. The rooms were then divided into two categories: living quarters and farming.
The latter would have been used for general purposes, while the former was for work. This reveal would have meant that people were making wine or vegetable oils.
Criminal Activity
Civita Giuliana, a stunning historical site, holds valuable information about the way of life in ancient Rome. Unfortunately, the area has suffered immense damage due to looting, with thieves using tunnels to steal precious artifacts. This has resulted in archaeologists putting Civita Giuliana as a top priority in their excavation list. They aim to preserve as much of its history as possible before it’s lost forever.
The looting has also impacted our understanding of the past, as essential pieces of history have been removed from the site. Furthermore, this criminal activity not only robs us of our heritage but also deprives future generations of the opportunity to learn about the past.
Amazing Discoveries
Although it is not ideal for archaeologists to be forced to work at Civita Giuliana this way, the results are undeniably impressive. There have been many amazing discoveries made there over the years.
But none of them are as remarkable as the one that was announced in November 2021. This room is unique because it tells a sad story that historians often overlook; but is now about to be revealed.
A Treasure Trove of Valuable Historical Artifacts
The archaeological site where the room was discovered has proven to be a treasure trove of valuable historical artifacts. Despite the many unanswered questions, experts believe the complex was once owned by a wealthy individual from Pompeii’s society. Since the start of the excavation in 2017, numerous awe-inspiring discoveries have been made.
The finds range from unique architectural designs to daily life objects, which shed light on the lifestyles of the ancient Romans. The site continues to be of great interest to archaeologists and historians as it holds the potential to uncover more secrets from the past.
Large Animal’s Remains
Towards the end of 2018, archaeologists at the villa made a remarkable discovery in the form of a large animal’s remains. To their surprise, the bones belonged to a horse with a saddle and a harness. This find suggested that the horse was ready to be ridden when Mount Vesuvius erupted, possibly by its owner trying to escape the disaster.
The discovery not only gave us a glimpse into the ancient Roman culture and their love for horses but also painted a vivid picture of the panic and urgency that must have gripped the area during the eruption. The saddle and harness, remarkably well-preserved, are now considered some of the most significant artifacts from the site, providing valuable insights into the history of the time.
Horse Legs
The horse remains found at the villa are just one of three discoveries in the complex. Recently, two more horses were uncovered, although one was in a less-than-ideal condition. Only its legs were recovered, presenting a rather unsettling sight to those who stumbled upon the remains.
The discovery of these horses highlights the importance of horses in ancient Roman society and the catastrophic events that may have led to their preservation at the site. The well-preserved remains of the horses offer a unique opportunity for researchers to study the anatomy and evolution of ancient horse breeds.
Valuable Insights Into Ancient Roman Culture and Religion
The third horse discovery at the villa was considered the most substantial due to the collection of other uncovered artifacts. Various wooden and bronze objects were found, which appeared to have been used for ceremonial purposes. The variety of antiques, combined with the horse remains, provided valuable insights into ancient Roman culture and religion.
Unfortunately, researchers believe that the site may have contained even more artifacts in the past, but they were likely stolen. The theft of these artifacts has not only robbed us of our history but also hindered the ability of researchers to understand the site and its significance fully. Nevertheless, the discovery of the horse and the remaining artifacts continues to captivate the interest of archaeologists and the general public.
Fascinating Restoration Process
The method used by the archaeologists to bring the horse back to life was truly fascinating. They employed a traditional technique that had been used for centuries to restore the horse’s form. By filling the ash casing around the horse with plaster, they created a mold that set into the shape of the animal as it was when it was covered in ash. This process allowed them to see the exact shape and position of the horse as it was at the moment of its preservation.
The restoration of the horse provides a remarkable glimpse into the past. It gives us a better understanding of the events that led to its preservation. This ancient technique highlights the expertise and creativity of archaeologists. It is a testament to their dedication to uncovering past secrets. Like the first horse, the three horses were likely to be of the “noblest breed” of display animals. Their large size is probably the result of selective breeding, and their quality iron and bronze harnesses indicate this.
A Couple of Human Beings
Another notable find was made at the villa a few years after the third horse was found. It was a couple of human beings who were excavated this time. They were laying side-by-side on the ground. It seemed very touching to see two friends spending their final moments together. Researchers discovered that the relationship between these two friends was more complex after a closer inspection. The experts estimate that one of the individuals found at the site was around 35 years old at his death.
The second individual was estimated to be around 22 years old at his death. An examination of his remains showed that his bones were in poor condition, with his backbone exhibiting significant damage. The researchers speculate that the damage to his spine was likely caused by the rigors of hard physical labor. This leads them to believe that he may have been a slave, with the first individual potentially being his master. The difference in the conditions of the remains of these two individuals provides valuable insight into the social and economic hierarchy of ancient times. It sheds light on the lives of people from different strata of society. Further research and analysis will likely provide more clarity on the roles and relationships of these two individuals.
Escaped the Immediate Danger
The experts believe that the two individuals may have initially escaped the immediate danger posed by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius. Even though the city was covered in ash, they may have remained in the area. Unfortunately, their luck was short-lived, as another explosion occurred the following day, leading to their deaths. It is believed that the subsequent blast finally claimed the lives of these two men, who had likely tried to seek refuge in the aftermath of the first eruption.
The story of their death provides a vivid reminder of the destructive power of nature and the devastating impact that volcanic eruptions can have on communities. The discovery of their remains and the investigation into their deaths offer a unique opportunity to learn about the past and gain a deeper understanding of the impact of volcanic eruptions on ancient civilizations.
“The Victims Were Probably Looking for Shelter”
Massimo Osanna, an expert in the field, weighed in on the discovery with the Associated Press in November 2020. He speculates that the victims found themselves in the underground space seeking shelter, thinking it would provide better protection. Osanna believes that the men were likely searching for refuge at their death. He stated, “The victims were probably looking for shelter… in this underground space, where they thought they were better protected.”
Moreover, it’s important to note that this underground space holds great significance in terms of history and cultural heritage. This discovery sheds new light on our understanding of the past and how ancient civilizations used such areas for different purposes. It also highlights the need for better preservation and protection of such historical sites for future generations.
Catastrophic Event That Was Too Powerful
The men’s belief that the underground space would provide protection proved misguided. The catastrophic event was too powerful to be thwarted by the shelter they sought. When interviewed by Reuters, Osanna shed more light on the cause of their death. He explained that it resulted from thermal shock, evidenced by their feet and hands clenched.
In addition, Osanna emphasized that the discovery of these victims is a somber reminder of the sheer destructive force of natural disasters. It highlights the vulnerability of humans in the face of such events and the importance of being prepared. Furthermore, this finding offers insights into the impact of ancient disasters on human lives and civilizations and the importance of preserving such historical records for future generations.
The Beginning of a Series of Fascinating Finds
The discovery of these two men was just the beginning of a series of fascinating finds at the villa in Civita Giuliana. As the excavation continued, more and more exciting artifacts were uncovered, as demonstrated by a significant discovery made in March 2021. At that time, a magnificent chariot decorated with intricate metal engravings was found.
This find showcases the wealth and luxury present in the ancient world and the attention to detail given to even the most functional objects. It also provides a glimpse into the cultural and social values of the time and the role of chariots in society. Additionally, the chariot discovery highlights the importance of ongoing excavations and the potential for more finds at the villa in Civita Giuliana, which continues to reveal more about the history and heritage of the region.
An Unexpected Surprise
The chariot was found in remarkable condition, which is entirely unexpected. Despite surviving the devastation caused by the Vesuvius eruption, it remained well preserved over the centuries, making it an extraordinary find. The fact that it was found in such good shape is even more remarkable, given the history of looting at the site.
The chariot’s survival provides a unique opportunity to study ancient chariots’ craftsmanship, materials, and design. It also offers a glimpse into the daily life and activities of people living in the region during that time. Additionally, this discovery highlights the importance of effective site management and protection to ensure that such artifacts are not lost or damaged and remain available for future generations to study and appreciate.
Mythical Creatures
The chariot was decorated with bronze and tin and featured intricate etchings of mythical creatures such as cupids and nymphs. The four sturdy iron wheels, which must have contributed to its considerable weight, indicate that it was a formidable vehicle. It’s possible that the horses previously found at the site were used to pull the chariot, given its heft.
This discovery provides insights into ancient transportation and the beliefs and cultural values of the time. The depiction of mythical creatures on the chariot highlights the significance of such figures in ancient society and their role in everyday life. Additionally, the discovery raises questions about the purpose of the chariot and the events or ceremonies for which it might have been used, which are still being explored by researchers.
Decoration in the Ancient World
While other carriages have been uncovered by archaeologists in the past, this chariot was particularly unique. Most previously discovered carriages were designed with a utilitarian focus, lacking much adornment. In contrast, this chariot was decorated with elaborate etchings, emphasizing the importance of aesthetics. This suggests that it was used for special occasions such as weddings or parades.
The intricate design of the chariot adds to our understanding of ancient art and craftsmanship. It highlights the role of decoration in the ancient world. It also provides a glimpse into the social and cultural norms of the time and the significance of special events in the community. Furthermore, this discovery raises questions about the technology and techniques used to create such a magnificent artifact and the potential for further discoveries that could shed more light on these topics.
A Fancy, Fancy Car
Archaeologist Eric Poehler, an expert on transportation in ancient Pompeii, was stunned by the discovery of the chariot. He expressed his amazement to NPR, stating, “I was astounded. Many of the vehicles I’ve studied in the past are functional, like a standard station wagon or a car used to take kids to soccer. But this chariot is like a Lamborghini – a truly luxurious and extravagant vehicle.”
This discovery provides further evidence of the wealth and opulence of the ancient Roman world and the importance placed on transportation and personal mobility. The chariot’s elegant design and intricate etchings indicate that it was a mode of transportation and a status symbol. Additionally, it sheds light on the techniques used to create such a superb vehicle and the potential for further discoveries that could deepen our understanding of ancient technology and craftsmanship.
The Room – Potential for Further Discoveries
Despite the significance of the extravagant chariot, it is not the most critical discovery to emerge from the villa in Civita Giuliana. The room that holds this distinction is unassuming, plain, and trim. Despite its simplicity, the plainness of the room is what makes it so significant.
In stark contrast to the magnificent chariot, the room’s lack of adornment provides valuable insights into daily life in ancient Rome and the various architectural styles at the time. Furthermore, it gives a glimpse into the lives of the individuals in this villa and their priorities. They chose to invest their resources into other areas rather than luxurious decor. Additionally, the preservation of this room gives us a unique opportunity to study the materials, techniques, and structures used in ancient Roman construction and the potential for further discoveries that could deepen our understanding of daily life in ancient Rome.
Enslaved People
The unassuming room at the villa in Civita Giuliana holds great significance as it was likely used to house enslaved individuals. Enslaved people made up a significant portion of the population in ancient Rome, with estimates suggesting that as much as one-fifth of the empire’s population were slaves at the time of the destruction of Pompeii. Telling enslaved people’s stories is crucial as they were integral to ancient Rome’s history and society.
The room provides a tangible connection to the lives of these individuals. It offers insights into their daily experiences and living conditions. By exploring the history of slavery, we can gain a deeper understanding of the complexities of ancient Rome and the people who lived there and further shed light on the human experience throughout history. Studying the history of slavery can also provide lessons and insights relevant to contemporary issues and discussions surrounding equality, human rights, and social justice.
The Real Treasure
A leading figure from the Archaeological Park of Pompeii talked about this discovery in a press release that was translated by NPR into English. Gabriel Zuchtriegel stated, “[This] is definitely one of the most exciting discoveries throughout my life as an archaeologist.
Even without the presence of great treasures. “The real treasure is the human knowledge in this case, which is what this room is a unique testimony to.”
A Tough Life
The living quarters for the slaves in the villa were cramped, with only 170 square feet of space to call their own. The minimal furnishings and lack of decorations on the walls only added to the drab and unwelcoming atmosphere. The room was also poorly lit, with a small opening near the ceiling providing any light source.
The conditions of this room paint a bleak picture of life for enslaved individuals in ancient Rome. The small size, lack of light, and sparse furnishings made for a cramped and uncomfortable existence. It serves as a reminder of the hardships and injustices endured by enslaved people throughout history and highlights the need for continued efforts to promote equality and human rights.
Same Technique
Using the plaster technique, the archaeologists could recreate the objects inside the small room and bring to life the way they appeared when Mount Vesuvius erupted.
This allowed them to get a first-hand look at all the items that were present inside the room at the time of the eruption. The process was similar to what the archaeologists had done previously with the horses found at the site.
Three Beds
The small room contained three beds, each of varying sizes. Two of the beds measured approximately 5 feet, and the third one was about a foot shorter.
The beds were all constructed using wooden frames and ropes as support, with fabric sheets covering them. The discovery of these beds gives a glimpse into the living conditions of the enslaved people in ancient Rome.
Family Room
The discovery of the smaller bed among the three in the room sheds light on the living conditions of the occupants. The room was probably home to a family, including children, given the presence of a smaller bed.
This realization highlights the sad reality of life for enslaved people in ancient Rome. Still, it is essential to uncover these stories and understand the history of these marginalized communities.
What’s Inside the Box?
Archaeologists also found a wooden container inside the room. They found several metal and fabric items inside the closed container. One theory is that the artifacts could have been sections of a harness.
This leads to the possibility that the artifacts may have been part of a more significant task, such as looking after the fancy chariot found in the villa.
Personal Belongings Storage
The archaeologists also made another exciting discovery. Besides the wooden box, they found several other containers scattered around the room’s perimeter and under the beds. It is believed that these containers were used by the room’s inhabitants to store their personal belongings.
The contents of these containers have yet to be uncovered, but they hold the potential to provide more insights into the lives of the people who lived in the room.
Precarious Nature
Zuchtriegel was struck by the cramped, uncomfortable environment of the room. He couldn’t hide his empathy in a press release, which was later translated by the Guardian.
He said, “The most striking thing about this room is its cramped, precarious nature, which is somewhere between a dormitory or a storage space.”
A Window Into the Past
Zuchtriegel, the archaeologist, expressed his excitement in shedding light on the lives of the slaves who lived in this small room. He highlighted the fact that this discovery provides a unique perspective into the lives of those who are often invisible in historical accounts.
These people, who made up a significant portion of the population, were rarely mentioned in the written records of the time, which were dominated by accounts from the elite. Zuchtriegel believes it is essential to uncover their stories and bring them to light.
More Work to Be Done
The room where the slaves lived is still being extensively studied by archaeologists. The scarcity of information regarding the lives of oppressed individuals in ancient Rome makes this room and its artifacts a crucial source of information.
Further research is needed to understand and shed light on their experiences fully. Still, every discovery brings us closer to this goal.
Big Questions
While Pompeii’s luxurious villas and well-to-do citizens have garnered much attention and research, the lives of those at the bottom rung of ancient Roman society have been largely ignored. The discovery of the slave quarters at the site now offers a unique window into their lives, and the ongoing archaeological investigation of the room promises to reveal more about the untold story of these marginalized people.
It is important to shed light on all aspects of society, high and low, to understand the past comprehensively.
A Little Insight
This room provides a glimpse into the harsh existence of slaves in ancient Pompeii. They appeared confined to small, uncomfortable spaces with limited access to luxuries. In stark contrast, their masters lived in comfort and luxury.
These findings shed light on ancient Roman society’s inequalities and the injustices enslaved people suffered. It serves as a reminder of the importance of investigating the lives and experiences of marginalized groups in history.
Diversity and Complexity of Everyday Life
The remains of Pompeii have revealed a wealth of information to experts about daily life in the city before its destruction. By examining the food remains and artifacts related to various cultural practices and ceremonies, we can gain a deeper understanding of what life was like for the ancient residents of Pompeii. This particular room, however, has shed new light on the lives of those who have often been overlooked in the historical record.
It provides a vivid picture of Pompeii’s diversity and complexity of everyday life. It underscores the importance of preserving such sites for future generations. Furthermore, it highlights the significance of uncovering and interpreting marginalized communities’ stories and their role in shaping ancient society.
Research Area
As the Minister of Culture in Italy, Dario Franceschini has a vested interest in the ongoing excavations at Pompeii. In a recent statement, he spoke about the significance of the recently uncovered slave room, calling it “an incredible new discovery.” He emphasized that Pompeii has transformed into a highly sought-after tourist destination and a hub for research and innovation in archaeology. The site continues to yield new insights into the ancient world by utilizing cutting-edge technology and techniques.
Franceschini highlighted the importance of preserving such cultural treasures for future generations, saying that it is crucial to preserve the past and uncover and bring to light the stories of marginalized communities that have often been overlooked in history. He further emphasized the need to keep pushing the boundaries of research and technology in archaeology to understand our collective past better.
A Model of Study
In his statement, the minister of culture, Dario Franceschini, further lauded the recent discovery at Pompeii. He stated that it had enriched our understanding of the daily life of ancient Pompeians, especially regarding a previously understudied segment of society. Franceschini also emphasized the exceptional nature of Pompeii as a model of study, claiming that it is unparalleled worldwide. This discovery is a testament to the importance of ongoing research and excavations at the site, as there is still much to be learned from its well-preserved remains.
Furthermore, the minister stressed the significance of these discoveries in shaping our understanding of the ancient world and the role that diverse communities played in shaping society. He believes that by studying such sites, we can gain a deeper appreciation for the cultural heritage passed down to us and the importance of preserving it for future generations.
Never Entirely in the Past
The ancient city of Pompeii is a unique and fascinating blend of differences and similarities with contemporary cities. Despite being separated by thousands of years of history, Pompeii and modern cities share many commonalities. As Massimo Osanna noted in a 2019 interview with Smithsonian magazine, “Pompeii’s past is never completely in the past.” The city continues to captivate the imagination and provide valuable insights into the past and present human experience.
The parallels between Pompeii and modern cities can be seen in daily life, such as urban planning, commerce, and social interactions. The town offers a unique window into the ancient world. It provides a better understanding of how humans have always sought to create and maintain organized communities. Pompeii’s ongoing relevance and ability to connect past and present make it a valuable resource for archaeologists, historians, and the general public.